LEVEL 4 GRAMMAR, MAY 4TH, 2017
In this class we looked again at the Past Perfect.....
had + past participle
We often use it with the past simple....
2. 1.
- When I got home, the children had gone to bed.
In this example the children had gone to bed before I got home - the Past Perfect (had gone) tells you what happens first, the Past Simple is second
We looked at some other sentences and discussed the differences from p.77.
A. When I got to the party, they were drinking champagne
B. When I got to the party, they had drunk the champagne.
In sentence A, there was still champagne left and people were drinking it.
In sentence B, all the champagne was gone, there was no champagne when I arrived.
A: They thanked their teacher for all that she was doing to help them pass the exam.
B: They thanked their teacher for all that she had done to help them pass the exam.
In sentence A, the course had not finished yet, it is still continuing
In sentence B, the course is finished.
We talked about Jack on p.81 who has decided to change his unadventurous life....
- · When I was 61 I took my first flight on an airplane. (fly) - I had never flown before then.
We then talked about ourselves
I smoked a cigarette for the first time when I was 17. I had never smoked before.
We then did some practice on p.78 and went on to look at using the three past tenses on p. 80.
For homework we have to complete exercise b on p.80 and also complete the first paragraph of the story with (1) the Past Simple, (2) the Past Continuous or (3) the Past Perfect.
Practice here and here
.
The Past Simple: is the main tense for telling stories. It is the most commonly used tense, and can allow us to give a list of actions that happened one after the other...... - I got up, I had my breakfast and I went out.
The Past Continuous: allows us to add more information or action - I got up, and the birds were singing. The sun was shining in the window when I had my breakfast. I went out. My neighbour was washing his car.
The Past Perfect: allows us to refer to a previous period of time in the past - we usually use it with the past simple. - I got up and the birds were singing. I felt good because I had slept well. The sun was shining in my window when I had my breakfast. I had forgotten to buy milk so I just had black coffee. I went out. My neighbour was washing his car because he had just made a long trip to Cork, and the car was dirty.
had + past participle
We often use it with the past simple....
2. 1.
- When I got home, the children had gone to bed.
In this example the children had gone to bed before I got home - the Past Perfect (had gone) tells you what happens first, the Past Simple is second
We looked at some other sentences and discussed the differences from p.77.
A. When I got to the party, they were drinking champagne
B. When I got to the party, they had drunk the champagne.
In sentence A, there was still champagne left and people were drinking it.
In sentence B, all the champagne was gone, there was no champagne when I arrived.
A: They thanked their teacher for all that she was doing to help them pass the exam.
B: They thanked their teacher for all that she had done to help them pass the exam.
In sentence A, the course had not finished yet, it is still continuing
In sentence B, the course is finished.
We talked about Jack on p.81 who has decided to change his unadventurous life....
- · When I was 61 I took my first flight on an airplane. (fly) - I had never flown before then.
We then talked about ourselves
I smoked a cigarette for the first time when I was 17. I had never smoked before.
We then did some practice on p.78 and went on to look at using the three past tenses on p. 80.
For homework we have to complete exercise b on p.80 and also complete the first paragraph of the story with (1) the Past Simple, (2) the Past Continuous or (3) the Past Perfect.
Practice here and here
The Past Simple: is the main tense for telling stories. It is the most commonly used tense, and can allow us to give a list of actions that happened one after the other...... - I got up, I had my breakfast and I went out.
The Past Continuous: allows us to add more information or action - I got up, and the birds were singing. The sun was shining in the window when I had my breakfast. I went out. My neighbour was washing his car.
The Past Perfect: allows us to refer to a previous period of time in the past - we usually use it with the past simple. - I got up and the birds were singing. I felt good because I had slept well. The sun was shining in my window when I had my breakfast. I had forgotten to buy milk so I just had black coffee. I went out. My neighbour was washing his car because he had just made a long trip to Cork, and the car was dirty.
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